Quick Answer
Solve an inequality like an equation, but flip the sign when you multiply or divide by a negative number. For 3x − 7 > 2x + 5, subtract 2x and add 7 to get x > 12, or (12, ∞) in interval notation. For x^2 − 5x + 6 ≤ 0, the roots are 2 and 3, so the answer is 2 ≤ x ≤ 3.
Embed this calculator
Adjust the size if needed, then copy the code below into your page or blog. The calculator will load in an iframe and stay updated automatically.
Table of Contents
- Inequality Calculator
- Quick Answer
- Related Calculators
- How This Inequality Calculator Works
- How to Use the Inequality Calculator
- Rules for Solving Inequalities
- Key Terms
- Worked Examples
- Real-Life Examples
- Inequality vs Equation
- Inequality Signs and Interval Notation
- Showing the Answer on a Number Line
- Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Frequently Asked Questions
- References & Sources
How This Inequality Calculator Works
Type an inequality such as 3x − 7 > 2x + 5 and press Calculate. The calculator moves every term to one side, then works out whether it is linear or quadratic. For a linear inequality it isolates x and flips the sign if it divides by a negative number. For a quadratic it finds the roots and checks where the expression is positive or negative. It gives the answer as an inequality and in interval notation, and checks one value.
Quick explanation: an inequality has a range of answers, not just one.
- x > 12 means every number bigger than 12.
- Interval notation writes it as (12, ∞).
- Brackets: ( ) leave the end point out, [ ] include it.
How to Use the Inequality Calculator
- Type the inequality using x and one of <, >, <= or >=.
- Use ^ for powers and brackets where needed.
- Press Calculate.
- Read the solution and the interval notation.
- Follow the steps to see each move, including any sign flip.
Rules for Solving Inequalities
- Add or subtract the same number on both sides: the sign stays the same.
- Multiply or divide by a positive number: the sign stays the same.
- Multiply or divide by a negative number: reverse the sign, so < becomes > and ≤ becomes ≥.
- Quadratics: find the roots of ax² + bx + c = 0. If a > 0, the expression is negative between the roots and positive outside them.
Key Terms
- Inequality: a statement that one expression is less than or greater than another.
- Solution set: all values of x that make the inequality true.
- Interval notation: a short way to write a range, such as [2, 5).
- Strict inequality: < or >, where the end point is not included.
- Compound inequality: two conditions joined, such as 2 ≤ x ≤ 3 or x < 1 or x > 4.
Worked Examples
Linear: solve −2x + 4 ≤ 10.
- Subtract 4: −2x ≤ 6
- Divide by −2 and flip the sign: x ≥ −3
- Interval notation: [−3, ∞)
Quadratic: solve x² − 5x + 6 > 0.
- Roots: x² − 5x + 6 = (x − 2)(x − 3) = 0, so x = 2 and x = 3.
- The parabola opens upward, so it is positive outside the roots.
- Answer: x < 2 or x > 3, which is (−∞, 2) ∪ (3, ∞).
Real-Life Examples
- Budgets: with $50 to spend and $8 tickets plus a $6 fee, 8x + 6 ≤ 50 gives x ≤ 5.5, so at most 5 tickets.
- Grades: to average at least 80 over four tests with 72, 85 and 78, (235 + x) ÷ 4 ≥ 80 gives x ≥ 85.
- Profit: if profit is −x² + 40x − 300, it is positive when 10 < x < 30.
- Homework: check each step of a linear or quadratic inequality.
Inequality vs Equation
- An equation such as 2x + 3 = 9 usually has one answer, x = 3.
- An inequality such as 2x + 3 < 9 has a range of answers, x < 3.
- The steps are the same, except that multiplying or dividing by a negative number flips the inequality sign.
Inequality Signs and Interval Notation
| Inequality | Meaning | Interval notation |
|---|---|---|
| x > 3 | greater than 3 | (3, ∞) |
| x ≥ 3 | 3 or greater | [3, ∞) |
| x < 3 | less than 3 | (−∞, 3) |
| x ≤ 3 | 3 or less | (−∞, 3] |
| −1 < x ≤ 4 | between −1 and 4, including 4 | (−1, 4] |
| x < 2 or x > 5 | outside 2 to 5 | (−∞, 2) ∪ (5, ∞) |
Showing the Answer on a Number Line
On a number line, draw an open circle at an end point that is not included (< or >) and a filled circle at one that is included (≤ or ≥). Then shade the side that works: to the right for greater than, to the left for less than. For an answer between two numbers, shade the part between the circles; for an “or” answer, shade both outer parts.
You can also see a quadratic inequality on a graph. Plot y = x² − 5x + 6 in the Graphing Calculator: the curve is above the x-axis where the expression is positive and below it where it is negative.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Forgetting to flip the sign. Dividing by a negative reverses the inequality.
- Wrong brackets. Use [ ] only when the end point is included (≤ or ≥). Infinity always gets ( ).
- Taking a square root of both sides. For x² > 9 the answer is x < −3 or x > 3, not just x > 3.
- Multiplying by x. x might be negative, so this can flip the sign without you knowing.
- Not checking. Put a value from your answer back into the original inequality.
Frequently Asked Questions
Use the same steps as an equation to get x on its own, but flip the sign when you multiply or divide by a negative number.
When you multiply or divide both sides by a negative number, or swap the two sides.
Use ( ) for end points that are not included and [ ] for ones that are. For example, x ≥ 2 is [2, ∞).
Find the roots, then test which regions make the inequality true. For a > 0, the expression is negative between the roots.
No number makes the inequality true, such as x² + 1 < 0.
Every number works, such as x² + 1 > 0.
Type a less-than sign followed by an equals sign for ≤, and a greater-than sign followed by an equals sign for ≥. The calculator converts them.
Not directly. Split |x − 2| < 5 into −5 < x − 2 < 5 and solve each part.
No. It handles linear and quadratic inequalities only.
Roots are rounded to 6 decimal places. The steps show the formula used.
References & Sources
| Source | Used For | Link |
|---|---|---|
| OpenStax, College Algebra 2e, 2.7 Linear Inequalities and Absolute Value Inequalities | Properties of inequalities and interval notation. | https://openstax.org/books/college-algebra-2e/pages/2-7-linear-inequalities-and-absolute-value-inequalities |
| OpenStax, Intermediate Algebra 2e, 9.9 Solve Quadratic Inequalities | Solving quadratic inequalities with roots and sign analysis. | https://openstax.org/books/intermediate-algebra-2e/pages/9-9-solve-quadratic-inequalities |